Getting Yours [PAPD PBA Makes Sure They Get Theirs]
New Jersey, New York airport rescue teams trigger cost debate
BY SHAWN BOBURG ? Tuesday, March 17th, 2015 ?The Bergen Record? / Hackensack, N.J.
When a jet carrying 127 passengers careened off a runway at La Guardia Airport this month, a specially trained rescue team was there within minutes. The images of the team helping shaken passengers slide off the wing of the damaged plane, as it teetered near the edge of Flushing Bay, told the story: It could have been a lot worse.
Overshadowed by that quick action and good fortune is a simmering debate that centers on the emergency rescue squads at the major airports in New York and New Jersey. It boils down to a question the Port Authority, the agency?s police union, airlines and federal aviation regulators can?t seem to agree on: What is the safest and most efficient way to provide emergency fire protection and rescue?
The debate continues to flare more than a year after a major change that more than tripled the cost of the response teams ? the creation of stand-alone fire and rescue squads at each of the agency?s airports. The squads? sole responsibility is to remain on standby in a firehouse in case something goes wrong. For decades, the task fell to Port Authority police officers whose primary job was to patrol and secure the airports. They were cross-trained as firefighters and would quickly respond to aviation emergencies as well.
Critics of the new aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF) squads, which required hiring hundreds of additional workers whose average $144,000 compensation totaled more than $40 million in 2014, say the old way was cheaper and just as effective. Newark Liberty?s largest commercial carrier, United Airlines, and the union that represents the Port Authority?s police officers as well as the rescue squads have publicly voiced strong opposition to the arrangement in recent months, as the costs have come into clearer focus.
United Airlines filed a complaint with federal regulators in December, protesting what it called ?unreasonable? flight fees charged by the Port Authority, and taking specific aim at the six-figure pay for each of the new fire and rescue personnel.
And the union that represents both the police and the fire and rescue teams is in the unusual position of labeling the move as wasteful even though it brought hundreds of high-paying jobs under its umbrella.
?When they are not responding to a crash, they can do training, but otherwise there?s not a whole lot for them to do during a 12-hour tour,? the union?s general counsel, John McAusland, said of the firefighters.
On the other side of the debate is the Federal Aviation Administration, and some at the Port Authority, who point out that the region?s airports were the only ones nationwide that did not have their own dedicated fire and rescue squads until last year. It was the FAA that pressed the Port Authority to make the change amid an investigation into how the agency maintained records of firefighter training. The Port Authority agreed.
Asked for comment, an FAA spokeswoman pointed out there has not been a training violation since the agreement was signed. And one Port Authority official said the new system allowed the rescue teams to train together, likely leading to better coordination. But the price is much higher: The Port Authority spent $74 million on aviation rescue and firefighting in 2014, the first year under the new system. In 2013, that figure was $24 million, according to a spokesman.
The relatively new Port Authority chairman, John Degnan, said in an interview that he, too, is concerned about the cost and wants to look into how the job might be done more efficiently, while adhering to federal safety requirements.
An alarm sounds
The response to the La Guardia incident, the first major accident under the new plan, illustrates what has changed ? and what hasn?t.
When an alarm went off that Thursday morning inside a garage on the eastern side of the airport, there were about a dozen people inside on standby, not on patrol. The rescue team hears the high-pitched alerts signaling a potential emergency almost daily, even when it turns out to be fuel leaking from a parked plane or a cockpit indicator light that appears to be malfunctioning, said Sgt. Michael Guzowski, who oversees the La Guardia unit but was not on the shift that responded to the recent accident.
On March 5, just after 11 a.m., an air traffic controller announced over the intercom that a plane had veered off Runway 13.
The officers jumped on large chartreuse-yellow fire trucks that contain unique equipment, such as a spear-like nozzle designed to pierce the fuselage of a plane and fill the interior with fire-suppressing foam.
One of the officers, Brian Vitale, of Oakland, looked out the window of the second truck as it approached the plane, its nose resting on a berm separating the bay from the airfield, and saw fuel leaking from one wing. On the other wing was the first passenger to cross through the emergency exit. Vitale and others helped the passengers get out of the airplane and onto waiting buses.
?I had everyone from people crying to a girl who I heard say, ?That was kind of fun, ??? Vitale said. ?The majority were pretty shaken up.?
So what would have been different under the old system?
About four cross-trained officers would have been waiting in the garage, doing police-related desk work while on standby, before driving the trucks to the scene, said McAusland, the union lawyer. Meanwhile, Vitale and many of the other rescue officers might have been on patrol instead of remaining on standby in the command post. Those officers on patrols near the runways in police cars would have met them there.
Now, the fire and rescue teams cannot carry out any police duties, resulting in a net gain of hundreds of airport jobs to staff both police patrols and firefighting units. Union officials said the FAA made it clear they wanted police and firefighters to be completely separate.
Both the Port Authority and the union agree that what has changed are the methods but not the result, noting that under the prior system, officers consistently beat federal response time requirements, including getting the first truck to scene of an accident in less than three minutes.
?We were able to meet the requirements for response using that system in the past,? said John Selden, the Port Authority?s former general manager of airport certification and safety and now the deputy general manager of John F. Kennedy International Airport. ?To my knowledge, in my time here we never had a crash where we had an issue with our response.?
?Staggering? cost
In its complaint, United called the added cost to airlines under the new system ?staggering.?
Newark?s largest carrier wrote that it agreed that the police and firefighting functions should be separated, as they are at other airports. But it blamed the Port Authority for striking an agreement with the union that filled the rescue positions at the relatively high salaries earned by Port Authority police.
Payroll data show that the 292 ARFF team officers earned, on average, total compensation of about $144,000 in 2014. That included an average of more than $31,000 in overtime pay that union officials said was partly due to required training for new hires. All ARFF officers make base salaries of at least $90,000, but that doesn?t count longevity and other additional payments that push their compensation into the six figures.
By comparison, the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, which operates Washington Dulles and Reagan National, pays its firefighters a starting base salary of $50,000, and a maximum of $82,815, according to its website.
United says that, as a result of the new arrangement, airlines operating out of New York-area airports faced a ?staggering? $58 million one-year increase in fees paid to the Port Authority.
The change at the Port Authority grew out of an investigation by the FAA into the Port Authority?s records of required fire and rescue training. As part of the settlement of that investigation, the Port Authority agreed to set up the stand-alone squads. The union says the agency?s record keeping, not the previous system, was the problem. And it faults Port Authority leaders, particularly Executive Director Pat Foye, for not pushing back against the FAA.
Degnan, the Port Authority chairman, said he plans to learn more about the settlement in the coming months.
?I have a concern that it is too costly and the Port Authority should be exploring alternative ways of delivering the same level of fire protection at a cheaper cost,? he said.
The union argues the FAA approved of the previous system for decades and had no authority to require the stand-alone squads. The union?s lobbyist has pressed the case with federal lawmakers, hoping to get the decision reversed.
Port Authority officials said the FAA made it clear in negotiations about potential fines for record keeping that it wanted the Port Authority to get in line with other major airports.
?It?s a difficult position when your regulator is coming after you for civil penalties to try to convince them that your system is the right way to go,? Selden said, adding that the FAA believed separating the police from the rescue squads would help solve the record-keeping problem by making the system simpler.
Tom Belfiore, the Port Authority?s chief security officer, said the new system did have some advantages: Because the rescue teams work set shifts with the same pool of people, they train as a team; it?s also easier to manage overtime, he said.
As for alternatives to make the system more efficient, Belfiore said that would have to be sorted out with the union at the bargaining table.